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Administrative data
Data transmitted to sickness funds as part of the billing process or to federal agencies like the German Federal Statistics Office due to legal requirements. In Germany, this includes information about coded diagnoses and procedures.
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Analgesia
Suppression of pain.
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Antibodies
Antibodies are proteins that bind specifically to a particular substance, its antigen. Antibodies are known collectively as immunoglobulins. They are produced by B-lymphocytes and plasma cells in response to infection or immunization, and bind to and neutralize pathogens, thus preparing them for uptake and destruction of phagocytes.
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Ascites
Morbid accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, a medical condition also known as hydroperitoneum or abdominal dropsy. The term malignant ascites is used when the condition is caused by a tumor disease.
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ATG-Fresenius S (anti T-lymphocyte globulin)
Polyclonal antibody that specifically binds to the patients T-lymphocytes and helps suppress the patient rejection of the transplanted organ. The antibody is used for organ transplants as well as for stem cell transplantation in some countries.
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Calcimimetics
An expansion of the therapy options to more effectively influence the bone and mineral change in patients with chronic kidney disease. Calcimetics are administered when the thyroid gland is hyperactive, as is often the case with dialysis patients.
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Colloids
Blood and Plasma substitute.
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Compounding
Mixing of different solutions or components for IV or parenteral nutrition therapy.
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Crystalloids
Fluids which contain electrolytes like sodium or chloride. Crystalloids are used for fluid therapy in order to replace lost fluids by patients. By using crystalloids one can achieve a short-term compensation of blood loss. Moreover, crystalloids can be used as carrier solutions for intravenously administered drugs.
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Cytostatic drugs
Substances that inhibit cell growth and/or cell division.
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Dialysis
Form of renal replacement therapy where a semipermeable membrane – in peritoneal dialysis the peritoneum of the patient, in hemodialysis the membrane of the dialyzer is used to clean a patient’s blood.
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Dialysis machine
The hemodialysis process is controlled by a dialysis machine which pumps blood, adds anticoagulants, regulates the cleansing process, and controls the mixture of dialysate and its flow rate through the system.
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Dialysis solution/Dialysate
Fluid used in the process of dialysis in order to remove the filtred out substances and excess water from the blood.
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Dialyzer
Special filter used in hemodialysis for removing toxic substances, waste products of metabolic processes and and excess water from the blood. The dialyzer is sometimes referred to as the “artificial kidney”.
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Enteral nutrition
Application of liquid nutrition as a tube or sip feed via the gastrointestinal tract.
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EPO (Erythropoietin)
Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production. Recombinant (i. e. artificially produced) human EPO is commonly prescribed to patients on dialysis who suffer from anemia.
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FDA (U.S. Food & Drug Administration)
Official authority for food observation and drug registration in the USA.
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Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GvHD)
Rejection of a transplanted organ, caused by T-cells in the donor graft that attack the host organism.
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Health care structure (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Primary health care refers to markets, in which basic infrastructure, health posts and rural hospitals are available. Secondary health care refers to markets, in which general hospitals, specialist’s clinics and rehabilitation are available. Tertiary health care refers to markets, in which maximum care, teaching hospitals, university clinics, and centres of excellence are available.
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Hemodialysis (HD)
A treatment method for dialysis patients where the blood of the patient is cleansed by a dialyzer. The solute exchange between blood and dialysate is dominated by diffusive processes.
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Hemodialysis catheter
A catheter is a flexible tube inserted by surgery through the skin into a blood vessel or cavity to draw out body fluid or infuse fluid. In hemodialysis, a catheter can be used as a vascular access for dialysis treatment. In this case, the catheter is usually inserted into the superior vena cava, or occasionally the femoral vein.
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Medical care center
Interdisciplinary facility for outpatient care, managed by a physician. Potential shareholders of the medical care center include all service providers (such as physicians, pharmacists, health care facilities) which are authorized to treat patients with statutory health insurance.
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Medicare/Medicaid
A program developed by the federal U.S. Social Security Administration that reimburses health insurance companies and providers of medical services for medical care to individuals over 65, people with chronic kidney failure or the disabled.
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OHSAS (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment System)
Norm on which a management system for occupational health and safety will be implemented.
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Parenteral nutrition
Application of nutrients directly into the bloodstream of the patient (intravenously). This is necessary if the condition of a patient does not allow to absorb and metabolise essential nutrients orally or as sip and tube feed in a sufficient quantity.
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD)
Dialysis treatment method using the patient’s peritoneum as a “filter” to cleanse his blood.
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Polyclonal antibodies
Antibodies that recognize one specific structure, but are produced by different cell clones.
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Prevalence
Number of all patients who suffer from a specific disease within a defined period. The prevalence rate indicates the number of people with this specific disease (e. g. terminal kidney failure) treated per million population.
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Public-private partnership (PPP) model
Public-private partnership (PPP) describes a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. PPP accompanies in most cases with a part-privatization of governmental services.
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Three-chamber bag
The three-chamber bag contains all the macronutrients like - amino acids, glucose, lipids and as well electrolytes in three separate chambers. Immediately before infusion all nutrients are mixed thoroughly within the bag simply by opening individual chambers. This reduces the risk of contamination and saves time when preparing the infusions.
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Trifunctional antibodies
Antibodies that bind to three different cell types in parallel (e. g. tumor cells, T-cells and accessory cells) resulting in a tumor-specific immune reaction.
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ADR (American Depositary Receipt)
Certificate that represents indirect ownership of shares in a non-U.S. company and enables trading in the U.S.
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Cash flow
Financial key figure that shows the net balance of incoming and outgoing payments during a reporting period.
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Commercial paper program
Short-term unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in need of short-term loans. Typically commercial paper maturities range from a few days up to under two years.
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Compliance
Measures for adherence to laws and company policies.
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Corporate Governance
Designation in international parlance for company management and company controlling focused on responsible, long-term value creation.
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Days sales outstanding (DSO)
Indicates the average number of days it takes for a receivable to be paid. A shorter DSO results in less interest for the creditor and a lower risk of default.
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EBIT
Earnings before interest and income taxes.
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EBITDA
Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization.
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Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien (KGaA)
A German legal form meaning partnership limited by shares. An entity with its own legal identity in which at least one general partner has full liability (personally liable shareholder, or Komplementäraktionär), while the other shareholders have an interest in the capital stock divided into shares without being personally liable for the debts of the company.
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Organic growth
Growth that is generated by a company’s existing businesses and not by acquisitions, divestitures or foreign exchange impact.
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OTC (Over-the-counter)
Trading of securities that are not listed on a stock exchange in the respective country. Fresenius’ sponsored Level 1 ADRs are traded on the OTC market in the U.S.
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Rating
A classification of the creditworthiness of a company accepted on the international capital market. It is published by independent rating agencies such as Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s or Fitch based on a company analysis.
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ROE (Return on Equity)
Measure of a corporation’s profitability revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested.
ROE = fiscal year’s net income / total equity x 100.
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ROIC (Return on Invested Capital)
Calculated by: (EBIT - taxes) : Invested capital Invested capital = total assets + amortization of goodwill (accumulated) - deferred tax assets - cash and cash equivalents - trade accounts payable - accruals (without pension accruals) - other liabilities not bearing interest.
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ROOA (Return on Operating Assets)
Calculated by: EBIT x 100 : operating assets (average)
Operating assets = total assets - deferred tax assets - trade accounts payable - payments received on account - approved subsidies.
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SE (Societas Europaea)
Legal form of a European stock corporation. The supranational legal entity is based on European Community law. Subject to European regulations, the SE is treated in all member states of the European Union as a stock corporation according to the national law of the member state in which the SE is incorporated.
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Scope of Inventory (SOI)
Indicates the average number of days between receiving goods as inventory and the sale of the finished product.
Calculated by: (Inventories : Costs of goods sold) x 365 days.
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Working Capital
Current assets (including deferred assets) - accruals - trade accounts payable - other liabilities - deferred charges.
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Xetra (Exchange Electronic Trading)
Electronic trading system of Deutsche Börse AG to buy or sell stocks, foreign currencies, or other financial instruments.
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